What Is DMDD?

DMDD is a childhood mental health disorder characterized by severe irritability, anger, and frequent temper outbursts. Children with DMDD struggle to regulate emotions and react intensely to minor triggers.

Symptoms

Core Symptoms

• Severe temper outbursts (verbal or physical)
• Outbursts occurring 3 or more times per week
• Persistent irritable or angry mood between outbursts
• Symptoms present for at least 12 months

Functional Impact

• Difficulty at home, school, or with peers
• Academic struggles
• Family conflicts

Causes and Risk Factors

• Genetic factors
• Chronic stress or trauma
• Family history of mood disorders
• Environmental instability

Diagnosis

• Child between ages 6 and 18
• Chronic irritability and frequent outbursts
• Symptoms across multiple settings (school, home)
• Not explained by autism, depression, or bipolar disorder

Treatment

1. Psychotherapy

• Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)
• Parent management training
• Emotion regulation therapy

2. Medications

• Stimulants (in some cases)
• Antidepressants
• Mood stabilizers
• Atypical antipsychotics when necessary

3. Behavioral and Lifestyle Interventions

• Consistent routines
• Positive reinforcement
• Stress reduction activities