What is Depressive Disorder Due to Another Medical Condition?

This condition occurs when depressive symptoms are directly caused by the physiological effects of another medical illness. It is diagnosed when the medical condition is capable of producing depression and is clearly linked to the emotional and behavioral symptoms.

Medical Conditions Commonly Associated With Depression

• Endocrine disorders (e.g., hypothyroidism)
• Neurological disorders (e.g., stroke, Parkinson’s disease, epilepsy)
• Chronic illnesses (e.g., cancer, diabetes, heart disease)
• Autoimmune conditions (e.g., lupus, multiple sclerosis)
• Vitamin deficiencies (e.g., B12 deficiency)

Common Symptoms

• Depressed or low mood
• Loss of interest or pleasure
• Fatigue and low energy
• Sleep disturbances
• Poor concentration and memory issues
• Feelings of hopelessness or sadness
• Appetite or weight changes
• Reduced ability to function in daily life

Diagnosis

The diagnosis is made when:

• A medical condition is present and capable of causing depression
• Symptoms do not occur exclusively during delirium
• Symptoms cannot be better explained by another mental disorder
• Laboratory reports or medical history support the connection

Treatment Options

• Treating the underlying medical condition: Correcting the root cause often improves depressive symptoms.
• Psychotherapy: Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), supportive therapy.
• Medications: Antidepressants such as SSRIs and SNRIs (used carefully depending on the medical condition).
• Lifestyle modifications: Exercise, healthy diet, quality sleep.
• Stress management: Mindfulness, relaxation exercises, breathing practices.
• Collaboration: Coordination between mental health and medical professionals for holistic care.