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Understanding OCD: Definition, Symptoms, and Diagnostic Criteria as per DSM-5-TR
- February 13, 2024
- Posted by: SEETHALAKSHMI SIVAKUMAR
- Category: Mental Health
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What is Psychological Case History?
Before diving into the specifics of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) as per DSM-5-TR, it’s essential to understand the concept of a psychological case history. A psychological case history is a comprehensive record of an individual’s mental health, including their personal background, symptoms, treatment history, and any relevant psychosocial factors. It serves as a valuable tool for clinicians to assess and diagnose mental health conditions accurately.
What is DSM-5-TR?
The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition, Text Revision (DSM-5-TR) is a widely recognized and authoritative guide used by mental health professionals to diagnose and classify mental disorders. It provides a standardized framework for understanding and diagnosing various psychological conditions.
Definition of OCD as per DSM-5-TR
According to DSM-5-TR, Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is characterized by the presence of obsessions, compulsions, or both. Obsessions are recurrent and persistent thoughts, urges, or images that are intrusive and cause distress. Compulsions, on the other hand, are repetitive behaviors or mental acts that an individual feels driven to perform in response to an obsession or according to rigid rules.
Symptoms of OCD as per DSM-5-TR
The symptoms of OCD, as outlined in DSM-5-TR, can vary from person to person. Some common symptoms include:
- Excessive handwashing, cleaning, or other cleaning-related rituals.
- Repeated checking of locks, appliances, or other objects.
- Counting, arranging, or organizing objects in a specific manner.
- Unwanted and intrusive thoughts about harm, contamination, or taboo subjects.
- Fear of losing control or causing harm to oneself or others.
- Requiring symmetry or exactness in daily routines or activities.
It’s important to note that these symptoms cause significant distress and interfere with daily functioning.
Diagnostic Classification of OCD as per DSM-5-TR
DSM-5-TR classifies OCD under the category of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders. This category also includes other related disorders, such as Body Dysmorphic Disorder, Hoarding Disorder, and Trichotillomania (Hair-Pulling Disorder).
Diagnostic Criteria Sets for OCD as per DSM-5-TR
DSM-5-TR provides specific diagnostic criteria sets for OCD to guide clinicians in making an accurate diagnosis. To meet the diagnostic criteria for OCD, an individual must have:
- Presence of obsessions, compulsions, or both.
- The obsessions or compulsions are time-consuming (take more than one hour per day) or cause significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning.
- The symptoms are not attributable to the physiological effects of a substance or another medical condition.
- The symptoms are not better explained by another mental disorder.
It’s worth mentioning that the diagnosis of OCD requires a thorough evaluation by a qualified mental health professional who can assess the presence and severity of symptoms according to the DSM-5-TR criteria.
Conclusion
Understanding OCD according to the DSM-5-TR is crucial for accurate diagnosis and effective treatment. OCD is characterized by the presence of obsessions, compulsions, or both, which significantly impact an individual’s daily life. By following the diagnostic criteria sets outlined in DSM-5-TR, mental health professionals can provide appropriate support and interventions to help individuals with OCD regain control over their lives.
Important information for everyone.